ireland tourist benefits

Ireland is about to reopen to international tourists — including Americans

Editor's Note

Starting next week, tourists can once again visit the lush land of Ireland, as the country reopens its borders to non-essential travel on Monday.

The Irish government had previously set July 19 as the anticipated deadline for lifting strict testing and quarantine restrictions placed on non-essential travel that made visiting the country difficult for most.

It's especially good news for fully vaccinated visitors who will now be able to bypass pre-travel testing and quarantine requirements, including Americans. Unvaccinated travelers will still need to show results of a negative PCR test prior to entering the country and quarantine for five days.

Additionally, all passengers must complete a Passenger Locator Form online at least 48 hours prior to arrival in Ireland, per Aer Lingus , the national airline of Ireland.

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Who's allowed to enter Ireland? 

As of July 19 , the country is allowing both vaccinated and unvaccinated travelers alike, including Americans.

Children between the ages of 12 and 17 will be required to show results of a negative PCR test taken within 72 hours prior to arrival unless they have proof of vaccination or recent recovery from COVID-19, according to the Irish government.

Children of any age, traveling with accompanying vaccinated or recently recovered adults will not be required to self-quarantine post-arrival. However, in situations where one accompanying adult is self-quarantining, then all children must do so as well.

For passengers arriving from outside of the European Union/European Economic Area (so excluding EU countries, Iceland, Lichtenstein and Norway), note that Ireland is participating in a coordinated EU effort to react to the emergence of a variant of concern/interest by issuing an "emergency brake mechanism" in origin countries.

If an "emergency brake" has been issued in your origin country at the time of departure for Ireland, additional entry requirements apply.

Vaccinated travelers departing from an "emergency brake country" must:

• Show results of negative PCR test taken within 72 hours before arrival
• Self-quarantine
• Undergo post-arrival testing provided by Ireland's Health Services

Unvaccinated travelers departing from an "emergency brake country" must:

• Undergo a mandatory hotel quarantine
• Undergo post-arrival testing

None of the above travel-related testing or quarantine will apply to vaccinated travelers coming from non-emergency brake countries. See the Irish government's website for more information regarding this.

For those arriving from within the EU/EEA, passengers should upload their travel information to the EU Digital COVID Certificate.

Note that travelers coming from certain high-risk countries will be subject to a mandatory hotel quarantine .

The pre-travel requirements also apply for passengers transiting through Dublin.

Related: Americans to be welcomed back to Ireland without quarantine beginning July 19

How can Americans Visit? 

As mentioned above, international visitors, regardless of vaccination status, are allowed to enter the country, and must complete a COVID-19 passenger locator form, at least 48 hours before departure.

Before departure, unvaccinated travelers must:

• Secure proof of a negative PCR test taken within 72 hours before arrival, to be presented to Irish immigration officers upon arrival and keep written evidence of this test for at least two weeks, per the government.

Upon arrival, unvaccinated travelers must:

• Self-quarantine on arrival for days, at which point you will take a second PCR test through the Irish Health Service. If that test is negative, you are free to exit quarantine.

How to Get There 

Aer Lingus currently operates daily flights from Boston (BOS), Chicago (ORD) and New York (JFK) to Dublin (DUB), and will be re-commencing three flights a week from D.C. (IAD) to Ireland on August 14, 2021.

"Aer Lingus...is ready to welcome US travelers back on-board, to reunite families and friends and facilitate long-overdue vacations," the airline said in a release. "To celebrate the lifting of the travel ban, Aer Lingus has a flash offer of $100 off round-trip flights on selected US routes starting today [July 15] and live until 6:59 PM ET on Wednesday, July 21, 2021."

To take advantage of these discounted Aer Lingus round-trip flights to Ireland from New York, Chicago and D.C., you must book your travel by July 21. All economy flights include one carry-on bag and a checked bag would cost you $55. The cheapest flight I found between the three cities was departing from Chicago, where you can get an economy roundtrip ticket for $435, as shown below.

Related: Three versions of Avios: When to use Aer Lingus, Iberia and British Airways

Flights out of D.C. fell somewhere in the middle, still under $500 for a round-trip economy fare to Dublin.

Related: Good bonus, lacks benefits: Aer Lingus Visa Signature credit card review

You'll see the $100 discount for booking today, and note that it applies to non-economy fares as well — Plus, Smart, Advantage, Flex, Business and Business Flex.

Flying from New York City to Dublin was the most expensive of the three cities but still a good deal around $550.

The airline has also waived change fees for all fare types through the end of this year, which is helpful should COVID-19 affect your trip.

Avios , which is the rewards currency used by Aer Lingus and partners, allows you to use your Avios credits to pay for any Aer Lingus or Aer Lingus Regional flight booked directly through the airline and on flights with Aer Club partners, including British Airways and Iberia. The 4-tier credit program allows you to unlock travel rewards as you go, including lounge access and complimentary upgrades.

Read more: Sweet Spot Sunday: Fly to Hawaii from 13,000 Avios each way

Off-peak economy flights from Dublin/Shannon/Manchester to select North American cities , including Boston, Chicago, Hartford, New York, and Toronto would cost you 13,000 points or 20,000 for peak economy fares.

"Travellers can fly Aer Lingus with peace of mind, as a range of safety measures have been implemented to ensure a pleasant and safe trip for all. Safety measures such as mask requirements, additional cleaning, and new boarding and deplaning procedures are in practice," the airline said. "Thanks to the air filtration systems on board, and how airflow is managed on-board, it has been proven that the only other indoor environment with comparable air quality is an operating theatre."

In addition to Aer Lingus, American Airlines and United Airlines are currently flying to the U.S. from Ireland, with service from Dublin to various cities, including Boston, Chicago, Dallas, Newark and New York.

I also found an even cheaper deal for November on TAP Portugal from Newark (EWR) to Dublin for $372 roundtrip, but it stops in Lisbon (LIS) both ways.

And finally, if you're flying to Ireland from within Europe, beware of Ryanair, the ultra-low-cost airline with bases in Dublin and London Stansted (STN), which I came to know unfortunately all too well as a college student studying abroad in London in 2013. My first reaction to Ryannair was realizing upon boarding that the plane appeared to be made out of plastic and designed for children — my head nearly hit the ceiling at 5'10'' tall. I'll spare you the details of the forthcoming illness induced by mega turbulence.

Related: Deal alert: 50% off business-class flights to Europe

Where to Stay 

Just last month, TPG writer Lori Zaino compiled a list of some of the best hotels throughout the country, seven of which are in Dublin:

• The Shelbourne (Autograph Collection property) is a self-diagnosed "national treasure" is more than 200 years old, a five-star property and known for hosting the Rolling Stones at its Horseshoe Bar (temporarily closed)
• The Westbury Hotel (Doyle Collection Hotels) features canopy beds with Lissadell sheets and marble bathrooms
• The Hyatt Centric is located in one of the city's oldest areas near St. Patrick's Cathedral
• The Conrad Dublin overlooks the National Concert Hall and neighboring park, St. Stephen's Green
• The chic Marker Hotel (NH Hotel Group) features an award-winning spa and designer-clad guest rooms
• The InterContinental Dublin (IHG), located in the upscale Ballsbridge neighborhood, features a suite that pays homage to poet and playwright W.B Yeats for a cool €6040.00 ($7135.78)
• The Clontarf Castle (Tifco Hotel Group) is just outside of Dublin but more than makes up for it thanks to its location next to the Irish sea and castle-like design

Read more: 16 of the best hotels in Ireland

Of course, there's much more to see beyond Dublin , including much of Western Ireland, specifically the Cliffs of Moher in County Clare (a personal favorite) and the Dingle Peninsula on Ireland's southwest Atlantic coast, marked by beaches, cliffs and small towns such as Dingle in County Kerry.

Related: 8 places to visit in Ireland besides Dublin

Bottom Line 

Although Americans have technically been allowed to Ireland since June 2021, the government's lift against nonessential international travel, along with the elimination of quarantine and pre-travel testing requirements for vaccinated travelers, makes Ireland an attractive option.

There have been approximately 280,000 confirmed cases of COVID-19 and just over 5,000 deaths in Ireland as of July 2021, according to data from the World Health Organization. Almost 45 percent of Irish natives are fully vaccinated.

Ireland is only about 300 miles long and just over 170 miles east to west, meaning you can drive from one side of the country to the other in half a day. In my experience, Irish people are some of the most jovial locals I've met abroad and there's no shortage of pubs, soda bread or Irish stew to go around.

Read more: Reopening Europe: When can you visit again? A country-by-country guide

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24 reasons to visit Ireland in 2024

Need a reason to visit Ireland in 2024? We have some suggestions!

If you need a reason to visit our beautiful island in 2024, we’ve got some up our sleeve!

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Amazing Ireland experiences

L-R: Dromoland Castle, County Clare; Aviva Stadium, Dublin city; Shannon Blueway, County Leitrim; Brigid's Well, County Kildare

You’ve heard of Saint Patrick and St Patrick’s Day. Well now meet St Brigid and St Brigid's Day! Ireland has a bank holiday on 1 February (the start of Celtic spring) to celebrate this fascinating 6th century saint, so why not join us!

What better way to celebrate Valentine’s Weekend in February than with a trip to The Outing , Ireland's amazing LGBTQ+ matchmaking festival, which takes place in County Clare.

Watch Ireland, the World’s No. 2 rugby team, play Wales, Scotland and Italy at home in Dublin’s Aviva Stadium in the 6 Nations Championship 2024! There’s a lot more to a rugby weekend in Ireland than just the game!

Well, we couldn’t have an Ireland’s must-do list without including the wonderful St Patrick’s Day  celebrations in March. Expect the traditional parade, great music, arts, culture and more. It’s bound to be a spectacular, dazzling display as usual!

Explore two of the world’s first accredited Blueways – the Boyne Blueway in County Meath and the Suir Blueway in County Tipperary – where you can walk, cycle or paddle in some of the most beautiful, under-the-radar locations. Bliss!

L-R: Ha'penny Bridge, Dublin city © Shutterstock; Royal County Down Golf Course; Cashel Palace, County Tipperary; Slieve League Cliffs, County Donegal

Time your visit for September and join the golf pros as they take on the challenge of Royal County Down in Northern Ireland at the Horizon Irish Open 2024. Glorious Tom Morris-designed links courses await!

Take a trip to County Donegal  which was named the fourth-best region in the world to visit in 2024 by Lonely Planet! Explore sea cliffs, ancient forts and gorgeous National Parks in this off-the-radar spot.

Bruce Springsteen and The E Street Band return to Ireland in May, so get planning now for another brilliant concert at Dublin’s Croke Park.

A stay in luxury 5-star hotel, Cashel Palace is a must if you’re visiting County Tipperary in 2024. Especially as it was named in Condé Nast Traveller’s Hot List!

L-R: Cliff at Lyons, County Kildare; National Gallery of Ireland, Dublin city; Dromquinna Hideaway, County Kerry; James Joyce Museum, County Dublin

You probably already knew that Dublin is a city steeped in culture, but did you know TripAdvisor named it fourth in best places for culture in the world? You should definitely check out its amazing museums and galleries  while you’re in the city.

Celebrate James Joyce's  masterpiece, Ulysses, in the city that inspired it. Find out why each year, on 16 June, literary fans flock to Dublin to relive Leopold Bloom’s fateful day in the city.

The Wild Atlantic Way  celebrates its 10th birthday in 2024, and the National Geographic gifted it an amazing present: they named the region in its ‘Cool List 2024’ as one of the most exciting destinations to visit in 2024!

Love Taylor Swift? Then you'll want to see her bring the extraordinary Eras tour that is taking the world by storm to Dublin city this summer.

Ireland’s Blue Book celebrates 50 years in 2024, and has added 3 luxurious hidden treasures to its portfolio including a Michelin-Star restaurant, a 40-acre waterfront oasis and a 1930s inspired dining experience in Dublin.

L-R: Adare Manor, County Limerick; Game of Thrones Studio Tour, County Down; Chapter One, Dublin city; Derry Girls Experience, Derry~Londonderry

Ireland now has a total of 21 Michelin-starred restaurants , so get your palate ready for delicious dining at Chapter One, Dublin city; Bastion, County Cork; Eipic, Belfast; and Loam, Galway city.

See a different side to the forest with Beyond the Trees , an amazing treetop walk and viewing tower at Avondale House in County Wicklow. Built for forestry pioneer Samuel Hayes in 1777, Avondale was once the home of Charles Stewart Parnell, a leading Irish nationalist politician.

In 2023, we welcomed another UNESCO Geopark to our folds: The Mourne Gullion Strangford region. It was once used by the Game of Thrones® crew, so it may look familiar, but we’re already planning our visit!

Relishing the return of House of the Dragon for Season 2? Then head to the Game of Thrones Studio Tour  in Northern Ireland.

Still upset that there isn’t a new series of Derry Girls ? Head to the Walled City and relive the series with the Derry Girls Experience exhibit in the Tower Museum. See 90s-style costumes, props and sets from the award-winning series.

L-R: Adare Manor, County Limerick; Derry Halloween, Northern Ireland; Guinness Storehouse, Dublin city; Waterford Greenway, County Waterford

Georgia Tech will play on foreign soil for the first time since 2016 when Dublin’s Aviva Stadium hosts the Aer Lingus College Football Classic. They’ll play Florida State on the 24 August, so save the date and see who comes out on top!

Did you know Halloween  began in Ireland? The Púca Festival is a folklore-infused celebration of the original birthplace of Halloween; while Derry Halloween has captured the imagination of visitors to the famous Walled City for over 35 years.

Pedal past Viking sites, medieval ruins, Norman castles, old railway stations, Famine workhouses and an Ice Age rock on the glorious, 46km-long Waterford Greenway , stretching all the way from historic Waterford city to the beautiful seaside town of Dungarvan.

Four of our hotels made Condé Nast Traveller’s ‘Best Resort in Europe’ list: Adare Manor , Ashford Castle , the Lodge at Ashford Castle and The Europe . They’re all fabulous, so we don’t envy the person who has to pick where to stay between them!

We already have numerous reasons why you should visit the Guinness Storehouse  when you’re in Dublin, but now we have another... It was named Europe’s Leading Tourist Attraction by the World Travel Awards, so a visit here is now an absolute must!

Where do you want to go?

Do you feel like tasting wild Atlantic sea spray on your lips? Strolling through vibrant city streets? Exploring ancient ruins? Right this way…

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What are Household Benefits

The Household Benefits Package is a package of allowances per household which help you with the costs of running your household. You must be fully resident in the Republic of Ireland to receive this allowance and only one member of a household can qualify for Household Benefits. There are two allowances: the Electricity or Gas Allowance and the Free Television Licence.

Who can get Household Benefits

You may get Household Benefits if:

• You are aged over 70
• You are aged between 66 and 70 and are getting a state pension
• You are aged between 66 and 70 and are not getting a state pension but satisfy a means test
• You are aged under 70 and getting an equivalent Social Security Pension/Benefit from another country
• You are aged under 66 and are getting, Disability Allowance, Invalidity Pension, Blind Persons Pension or Incapacity Supplement with Disablement Benefit
• You are aged over 60 and receiving a Garda Widows Pension
• You are widowed or a surviving civil partner aged between 60 and 65 and your late spouse or civil partner was getting Household Benefits
• You are receiving Carer's Allowance for a person you live with and are caring for

What will you be asked about?

Your living situation.

If you live with someone you are caring for you will need to provide their PPS Number

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You will need to provide your relationship status and may need to provide your partner's PPS Number

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You will need to provide your electricity/gas supplier and either electricity MPRN or gas GPRN and your TV licence reference number. You must be the named person on the bill to receive this allowance.

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Welcome to Galway

Céad míle fáilte go dtí gaillimh í 2024, city of the tribes, explore the winding medieval streets of galway city..., immerse yourself in the culture, discover what's happening in this vibrant city during your visit..., find your own adventure, from sailing to surfing...mountaineering to caving, there is something for everyone..., escape to the islands, explore all that the aran islands have to offer..., gateway to connemara, discover the breathtaking scenery and unspoilt beaches of connemara..., fáilte go dtí gaillimh, welcome to galway in 2024, best rate hotels.

The Wild Atlantic Way

Discover the best that connemara has to offer., galway sights, the highlights of galway city, most popular attractions, must see places around galway, sightseeing tours, the best tours from galway, about galway, learn about galway before you visit, find the best galway has to offer, best of galway.

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Getting to the Aran Islands

Charlie Byrne's Bookshop

Kylemore Abbey

Lady Gregory Yeats Heritage Trail

The Connacht Hotel

Galway Bay Boat Tours

Give It A Go Kayaking

Corrib Princess

Dillisk on The Docks

Salthill Caravan Park

Teach an Phiarsaigh

Gateway to the wild atlantic way.

Galway is one of the brightest and most intriguing jewels of the West of Ireland. It marks the halfway point on the Wild Atlantic Way and is the only city on the entire 2500km route. The city is wild and bohemian, and at the same time full of culture, artistry, exceptional food and music. As well as being a popular seaside destination with long sandy beaches, Galway is also a thriving and cosmopolitan city centre. It is always a joy to explore with its wonderful cobbled streets, colourful shop facades, and its offbeat café/bar culture. Galway is also well known for its proliferation of festivals and civic events, with huge crowds gathering for the much-celebrated Galway International Arts Festival, the craic of the Galway Races, the spectacular Macnas Halloween Parade and numerous other events throughout the year. Ireland’s great traditions of hospitality have their place in the city too, with turf fires and traditional music featuring in many of the city’s pubs. We look forward to welcoming you soon!

What to See & Do in Galway in 2024

Upcoming Events

Celtic Tales @ The Crane Bar

Galway United vs Sligo Rovers

Shine On: Palestine

Inishbofin Half-Marathon & 10k

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Exploring The Benefits Of The H1b Visa For Traveling To Switzerland

• Last updated May 07, 2024
• Difficulty Beginner

• Category Travel

Are you a skilled professional seeking new horizons? Look no further! In this article, we will delve into the exciting world of the H1B visa and explore the incredible benefits it offers for those looking to embark on a journey to Switzerland. From the breathtaking Swiss Alps to the bustling city of Zurich, there is no shortage of adventure and opportunity awaiting those who dare to explore this enchanting country. So, fasten your seatbelts and get ready for an exhilarating ride as we uncover the myriad advantages of the H1B visa for your Swiss escapade.

What You'll Learn

Overview of the h1b visa and its requirements, opportunities for h1b visa holders in switzerland, challenges and potential obstacles for h1b visa holders in switzerland, tips for a successful h1b visa journey to switzerland.

The H1B visa is one of the most sought-after work visas in the United States. It allows foreign professionals to work in specialized occupations for a specified period of time. The H1B visa program is administered by the United States Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS) and is subject to certain eligibility requirements and limitations.

To qualify for the H1B visa, you must meet the following requirements:

• Specialized occupation: You must have a job offer in a specialized field that requires at least a bachelor's degree or its equivalent. Specialized occupations can include fields such as engineering, information technology, finance, and healthcare.
• Education or experience: You must have the necessary education or experience to perform the job. This typically means having at least a bachelor's degree or its equivalent in the relevant field of study.
• Employer sponsorship: You must have a U.S. employer who is willing to sponsor your H1B visa. The employer must file a petition with the USCIS on your behalf, demonstrating that there is a legitimate job offer and that you have the necessary qualifications for the position.
• Prevailing wage: The employer must agree to pay you the prevailing wage for the job. The prevailing wage is determined by the Department of Labor and is based on the average wage paid to similarly employed workers in the area of intended employment.
• Numerical limitations: There is an annual cap on the number of H1B visas that can be issued each year. For most cases, the cap is set at 65,000 visas, with an additional 20,000 visas reserved for individuals who have obtained a master's degree or higher from a U.S. institution of higher education.

Once you meet the requirements and have been granted the H1B visa, you can travel to the United States and begin working for your sponsoring employer. The H1B visa is typically issued for an initial period of three years, with the possibility of extension for an additional three years.

It is important to note that the H1B visa is a non-immigrant visa, which means that it does not provide a direct path to permanent residency or citizenship in the United States. However, many H1B visa holders are able to eventually obtain a green card through their employer or other means.

In conclusion, the H1B visa is a valuable and popular visa option for foreign professionals who wish to work in the United States. It provides an opportunity to work in a specialized occupation and gain valuable experience. If you meet the eligibility requirements and have a job offer from a U.S. employer, the H1B visa could be a great option for you.

Understanding the Importance of Providing Exact Travel Dates on Visa Applications

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If you are an H1B visa holder and considering traveling to Switzerland for work, you may be wondering what opportunities are available to you. Switzerland is known for its strong economy, high wages, and excellent quality of life, making it an attractive destination for skilled professionals. In this article, we will explore some of the opportunities and benefits that H1B visa holders can expect when working in Switzerland.

First and foremost, it is important to note that Switzerland is not part of the European Union. Therefore, the H1B visa alone does not grant you the right to work in Switzerland. However, there are several options available to H1B visa holders that can make working in Switzerland a possibility.

One option is to find a Swiss employer who is willing to sponsor you for a work visa. The employer would need to demonstrate that they have been unable to find a qualified Swiss or European Union candidate to fill the position. If approved, you would be granted a work visa, which would allow you to live and work in Switzerland.

Another option is to explore opportunities with multinational companies that have offices in both the United States and Switzerland. Many of these companies have transfer programs in place that allow employees to work in different locations around the world. If you are already working for a multinational company in the U.S., you may be able to take advantage of these programs to work in Switzerland.

Once you have secured a work visa or transfer opportunity, you can expect a number of benefits as an H1B visa holder in Switzerland. First and foremost, you will have access to a strong job market with a wide range of opportunities. Switzerland is known for its strong financial sector, pharmaceutical industry, and high-tech companies, which can offer a wealth of employment options for skilled professionals.

In addition to the job market, Switzerland is a country that values work-life balance. As an H1B visa holder, you can expect fair wages and excellent working conditions. Swiss companies typically offer generous vacation and holiday time, along with strong labor protections.

Furthermore, Switzerland is known for its high standard of living. With clean cities, efficient public transportation, and a high level of safety, Switzerland offers an excellent quality of life. The country is home to stunning natural landscapes, with the Alps providing ample opportunities for outdoor recreation.

It is worth noting that Switzerland has a high cost of living, particularly in major cities like Zurich and Geneva. However, the high wages and excellent benefits often offset these expenses. Additionally, Switzerland has a strong social safety net, offering healthcare, unemployment benefits, and pensions to residents.

In conclusion, while the H1B visa alone does not grant you the right to work in Switzerland, there are several options available to H1B visa holders that can make working in Switzerland a possibility. By finding a Swiss employer or taking advantage of transfer programs with multinational companies, you can access the strong job market, high wages, and excellent quality of life that Switzerland has to offer. Consider exploring the opportunities available and taking the necessary steps to make your professional aspirations in Switzerland a reality.

Understanding the Possibility of Having Both a Travel Visa and F-1 Visa: Exploring Dual Status for International Students

For many professionals, the opportunity to work in Switzerland is a dream come true. The country is known for its high quality of life, strong economy, and beautiful landscapes. However, for H1B visa holders, there can be challenges and potential obstacles when it comes to working and living in Switzerland. In this article, we will explore some of these challenges and offer guidance on how to navigate them.

Language barrier:

One of the biggest challenges for H1B visa holders in Switzerland is the language barrier. While English is widely spoken in international business settings, the official languages in Switzerland are German, French, Italian, and Romansh. Depending on the part of Switzerland you plan to work in, you may need to be proficient in one of these languages. It is advisable to take language courses or consider language immersion programs to acquire the necessary language skills for effective communication in a professional environment.

Difficulty finding accommodation:

Finding suitable accommodation in Switzerland can be a challenge for anyone, including H1B visa holders. The rental market in major Swiss cities such as Zurich and Geneva is highly competitive, and the demand for affordable housing tends to outstrip the supply. It is recommended to start searching for housing well in advance and to be prepared to provide the necessary documentation such as proof of employment, references, and financial records.

Work and residency permits:

Obtaining the necessary work and residency permits in Switzerland can be a complex and time-consuming process. H1B visa holders may need to navigate multiple bureaucratic steps, provide extensive documentation, and wait for approvals. It is highly recommended to consult with an immigration lawyer or a specialized agency that can guide you through the process and ensure that all requirements are met. Starting the application process as early as possible is crucial to avoid any delays in obtaining the necessary permits.

Cost of living:

Switzerland is known for its high cost of living, and H1B visa holders should be prepared for higher expenses compared to other countries. Rent, groceries, transportation, and healthcare are among the areas where costs are generally higher in Switzerland. It is important to factor in these expenses when negotiating your salary or planning your budget. It is advisable to connect with other expats or professional networks to get insights and tips on how to manage your finances effectively in Switzerland.

Integration and cultural differences:

Switzerland has a unique cultural and social context that can take some time to adjust to for H1B visa holders. It is essential to be open-minded, respectful, and willing to learn about the local customs and etiquette. Building connections with colleagues and locals can help in the process of integration and ease the transition. Participating in local events, joining community organizations, or enrolling in cultural exchange programs can offer opportunities for cultural immersion and broaden your understanding of Swiss society.

Despite these challenges, Switzerland offers many benefits and opportunities for H1B visa holders. With careful planning, perseverance, and a proactive approach, H1B visa holders can overcome these obstacles and thrive in their professional and personal lives in Switzerland. Working with immigration experts, networking with local communities, and being adaptable will greatly increase the chances of a successful experience in this captivating country.

How to Finance Your Stay While Traveling on a Visa in Ireland

If you are planning to travel to Switzerland on an H1B visa, it is important to be well-prepared to ensure a smooth and successful journey. Here are some tips to help you along the way:

• Familiarize yourself with the H1B visa requirements: Make sure you understand the specific requirements for traveling to Switzerland on an H1B visa. This may include having a valid passport, a valid H1B visa stamp, and a supporting letter from your employer stating the purpose of your visit.
• Check the validity of your H1B visa: Before you travel, ensure that your H1B visa is still valid and will remain valid throughout your stay in Switzerland. If it is about to expire, you may need to renew it before you can travel.
• Research the local laws and customs: It is important to familiarize yourself with the local laws and customs of Switzerland. This will help you understand what is expected of you during your stay and avoid any legal or cultural misunderstandings.
• Plan your itinerary and accommodation: Determine where you will be staying in Switzerland and plan your itinerary accordingly. Research the best places to visit, places to eat, and transportation options to make the most of your trip.
• Arrange for health insurance: It is essential to have health insurance coverage while you are in Switzerland. Check with your current health insurance provider to see if your policy extends coverage to international travel. If not, consider purchasing a separate travel insurance policy.
• Exchange currency: Switzerland uses the Swiss Franc (CHF) as its currency. It is a good idea to exchange some currency before you travel to ensure you have cash on hand for immediate expenses. You can also use credit cards, but it is always wise to have local currency as well.
• Prepare your documents: Make copies of all your important documents, such as your passport, visa, and supporting letter. Keep the originals in a safe place and carry the copies with you. This will come in handy in case of any emergencies or if you need to show your documents to authorities.
• Be on time for your flights and appointments: Ensure that you arrive at the airport well in advance of your flight to avoid any last-minute stress. Similarly, if you have any appointments or meetings scheduled in Switzerland, make sure to arrive on time.
• Follow COVID-19 travel guidelines: Due to the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, there may be specific travel guidelines and restrictions in place. Stay updated with the latest information and follow all the necessary protocols, such as wearing masks and practicing social distancing, to ensure a safe journey.
• Enjoy your trip: Switzerland is a beautiful country with breathtaking landscapes and rich cultural heritage. Take the time to relax, explore, and soak in all that this amazing country has to offer. Capture beautiful memories and create unforgettable experiences.

By following these tips, you can have a successful journey to Switzerland on your H1B visa. Remember to plan ahead, stay organized, and be respectful of the local customs and laws. Enjoy your trip and make the most of this opportunity to explore a new country.

The Ultimate Guide on How to Purchase a Travel Visa

Frequently asked questions.

No, an H1B visa is not valid for travel to Switzerland. Switzerland is not part of the H1B visa program, which is specific to the United States.

If you want to travel to Switzerland for work, you will need to obtain the appropriate work visa or work permit. The specific type of visa you need will depend on your nationality and the nature of your work.

No, you cannot work in Switzerland on an H1B visa. The H1B visa is only valid for working in the United States. If you want to work in Switzerland, you will need to obtain the appropriate work visa or work permit.

The processing time for a work visa or work permit for Switzerland can vary depending on various factors such as your nationality, the type of work you will be doing, and the current workload of the Swiss authorities. It is recommended to plan ahead and apply for your visa well in advance of your planned travel date.

Yes, you can travel to Switzerland as a tourist on an H1B visa, as long as your H1B visa is still valid and you have the necessary travel documents. However, keep in mind that the purpose of the H1B visa is for employment in the United States, so be prepared to provide additional documentation and reasons for your travel to Switzerland.

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Money latest: Forecasts for interest rate cut have changed - as hopes for 3% next year dashed

Analysts are divided between June, August, September or even later for a first interest rate cut from 5.25%. Read their thoughts and all the rest of today's consumer and personal finance below - and listen to the latest Ian King Business Podcast as you scroll.

Tuesday 7 May 2024 19:35, UK

• Interest Rates
• 'We should charge more': Chef justifies £320 menu as he teams up with Uber Eats for 'cheap' delivery
• Average house price will be £61,500 higher by 2028
• Bank launches £175 switching offer
• Train strikes begin - everything you need to know

Essential reads

• When will interest rates be cut?
• What is the Bank of England, why isn't it called the Bank of UK, and how much is in its vaults?
• Money Problem: We discovered £600 management fee after buying flat - what can we do?
• 10 biggest mistakes people make in job interviews
• Listen to Ian King Business Podcast above and tap here to follow wherever you get your podcasts

Average UK house prices have risen only slightly in the past month, according to data from Halifax. 

The average house price rose by 0.1% in April month-on-month, after a fall of 0.9% in March. 

Halifax said typical house prices in early 2024 have "largely plateaued", with the housing market "finding its feet in an era of higher interest rates". 

It added it expected property prices to "rise modestly" over the course of 2024.

Read more here ...

A British driverless car company has raised more than a billion dollars from three major tech companies to commercialise its products. 

Start-up Wayve has secured funds from SoftBank, Nvidia and Microsoft to help develop its artificial intelligence software which can make any vehicle hands-free. 

This is the biggest venture investment so far in a European AI start-up, and could see the London-based company valued at several billion dollars.

The technology teaches autonomous vehicles how to drive using videos and data from real life, and could mean cars are more responsive to incidents such as someone running into the road or another vehicle swerving.

Waitrose workers have claimed the supermarket lowered redundancy payouts for warehouse staff already at risk of losing their jobs. 

Under the proposal, those made redundant will only be paid one week's salary per year of service, on top of statutory payouts received from the government. 

John Lewis said earlier this year it was planning to halve redundancy payouts.

But workers are claiming a review into the planned closure of an Enfield warehouse had begun before the changes were made to redundancy packages. 

The government is planning to overhaul its Personal Independence Payment (PIP) scheme - and one proposal is to require claimants to provide a "proof of diagnosis" letter from a healthcare professional. 

Another measure includes scrapping the current eligibility criteria and replacing it with one based on what condition or disability someone has. 

People can claim PIP payments if they have a disability or medical condition that affects their ability to carry out daily tasks.

The standard rate is £72.65 a week, while the enhanced one is £108.55, and people can also get extra payments of £28.70 or £75.75 if they struggle with mobility.

The Department for Work and Pensions (DWP) is now proposing a claimant's eligibility would be based on their clinical diagnosis by a healthcare professional, rather than on an assessment. 

Charities and campaigners have warned this could risk some medical conditions no longer being eligible for PIP if they're not deemed long-term or severe enough. 

Here's everything you need to know about PIP and potential changes...

Basically, the Bank of England is the UK's central bank.

It is different from a bank you would come across along the high street and does not hold accounts or make loans to the public.

The Bank issues bank notes that you spend and it also sets the official interest rates of the UK (otherwise known as the Bank/base rate), which directly influences savings and mortgages. 

It earned the nickname "the old lady of Threadneedle Street" back in the 1700s after a cartoon depicted then-prime minister William Pitt trying to "woo" the Bank - depicted as an old lady - for her gold reserves.

When did the Bank become independent? 

The Bank was founded in 1694 and was owned by various shareholders until it was nationalised in 1946.

It remains owned by the UK government today - but its decision-making was made independent by then-chancellor Gordon Brown in 1997 to increase confidence in the UK economy and stop politicians from influencing monetary policy for political or electoral reasons. 

What is the Bank's Monetary Policy Committee and who sits on it?

The Monetary Policy Committee (MPC) decides the Bank rate.

This generally happens every six weeks, so eight times a year, and the next meeting is on Thursday - hence which we've made it this week's Basically .

The committee is made up of nine independent members who all have expertise in economics and monetary policy.

There are also external members that ensure the MPC benefits from thinking and expertise from outside of the Bank of England.

A representative from HM Treasury also sits with the MPC at its meetings. The Treasury member makes sure the MPC is briefed on government policies, but they are not allowed to vote.

Does the Bank have any other responsibilities?

• The Bank produces £5, £10, £20 and £50 banknotes;
• It guards the value of money by keeping prices stable;
• It keeps the financial system stable by maintaining a close watch on any risks and taking action;
• The Bank also regulates and supervises all the major banks, building societies, credit unions, insurers and investment firms.

Why is it called the Bank of England when it covers the whole UK?

Quite simply, it has never changed its name since it was founded. 

It was created in 1694 after a Scotsman named William Paterson realised the nation's finances had no real system of money or credit. 

Under his direction, a successful scheme was launched in which £1.2m was loaned to the government from funds raised by subscribers who were then incorporated into the governor and company of the Bank of England. 

The money was used to support the English government in its war against France. 

It wasn't until the 19th century that the Bank took on the role of central bank. 

What is in the Bank of England's vaults? 

About 400,000 bars of gold. 

These are worth more than £200bn, making the Bank of England the second-largest keeper of gold in the world - behind the New York Federal Reserve. 

The gold is kept in nine carefully guarded underground vaults. 

Each bar costs hundreds of thousands of pounds, although the value can go up and down. 

The Bank of England's customers - who include the UK government, banks and other governments around the world - can trade their gold bars with other customers. 

When a customer trades gold it doesn't usually move - instead the name of the owner will change on the Bank's system. 

Not many people are allowed to visit the vaults, but the King and the late Queen Elizabeth II have seen them. 

Has anyone ever stolen any gold from the Bank?

The Bank says no gold has been stolen from its vaults, but there was a lucky escape in 1836 after a sewer worker doing repair work accidentally discovered an old drain that ran directly below the gold vault. 

He sent anonymous letters to the directors of the Bank, saying he had access to their gold and offering to meet them in the vault at an hour of their choosing.

When the directors gathered one night in the vault, a noise was heard from beneath the floor and the man popped up through some of the floorboards. 

A stocktake was taken afterwards, and it became clear he had not taken any gold. 

The Bank then decided to reward the sewer worker for his honesty by giving him £800 - the equivalent of about £76,000 today. 

Read other entries in our Basically... series:

The Bank of England will announce its latest base rate decision on Thursday lunchtime - but no one is expecting a cut from the current 5.25%.

It's widely thought rates have reached their peak - they've been at their highest level for 16 years since August.

But market forecasts for a June cut seem to have waned, with August or September now being priced in more heavily.

A feeling that inflation may not reach, or at least stay at, the 2% target through this year (and we've seen how inflation can prove stickier than expected with recent US figures) has led swap rates, which dictate how much it costs lenders to lend, to rise.

Thursday's decision

During March's meeting of the Bank's Monetary Policy Committee, only one of the nine members voted for a cut.

Steve Matthews, investment director at Canada Life Asset Management, doesn't see any movement from the majority eight this time - suggesting a cut isn't imminent.

"Looking ahead to Thursday... we expect an 8-1 vote in favour of no cut, with Swati Dhingra being the lone outlier. 

"While there's optimism within the Monetary Policy Committee that inflation will close in on the all-important 2% as the fuel effect falls out, the Bank of England will be deeply aware of the second-round inflation effect. 

"Rather than patting itself on the back when the 2% figure is hit, it will require clear evidence that inflation is under control rather than simply hitting a target."

High inflation is the reason rates have been elevated - squeezing people's finances and encouraging them to save tends to bring prices down.

Inflation is expected to have dropped significantly in April due to the fall in the energy price cap, and we'll get an announcement on this next Wednesday - but analysts fear it could rise again later this year.

Canada Life is of the view that this means we'll have to wait until August for a base rate cut.

Others think it could be later.

Susannah Streeter, head of money and markets at Hargreaves Lansdown, said "hopes are creeping back in about a summer interest rate cut, although September is still very much a possibility".

Some are more optimistic

Weaker employment figures in April add to the case for lower interest rates – more people looking for jobs means employers aren't under as much pressure to raise wages, which can be inflationary.

Another factor which means the BoE could drop rates before the US is that the UK has entered recession, so the committee may want to ease restrictions on the economy.

Andrew Goodwin, chief UK economist for Oxford Economics, said data on services inflation and private sector regular pay mean there is no hope for a May cut. As to whether it will even come in June or August, it's a "close call". 

However, the chair of HSBC has predicted the Bank will move in June.

Speaking at HSBC's annual general meeting today, Mark Tucker said he expected the European Central Bank and Bank of England to cut rates next month, both lowering by 150 basis points (to 3.75%) by the end of 2025.

The respect Capital Economics thinks 4% is more likely - while markets are leaning towards 4.5% come the end of next year.

Previous forecasts suggested rates could fall as low as 3% next year.

What has the Bank said?

Governor Andrew Bailey has repeatedly indicated that nothing is imminent.

"Inflation has continued to fall as expected. Cost pressures have eased, and the restrictive stance of monetary policy is working to bring inflation down. But we need to be sure that inflation will return all the way to our 2% target sustainably," he said in March. 

Spending on online subscriptions has jumped annually, boosted by series such as Baby Reindeer and Ripley.

While retail and fast-food spending contracted or remained the same over the past year, new data from Barclays noted a 10.6% increase in spending on digital content and subscriptions.

Two Netflix mini-series, Baby Reindeer and Ripley, helped drive the increase, according to Barclays. 

Continued concern about the cost of living, notably housing costs, meant spending in restaurants was down by 13% in April compared with the same period last year. 

Roughly half of the country said they were concerned about how much they spend on food and drink, according to Barclays.

Nearly 73% of people said they were actively looking for ways to reduce the cost of their weekly shop, while six in 10 shoppers said they had noticed supermarket products running out of stock. 

Despite this, 71% of people surveyed said they felt confident in their ability to manage their household finances. 

By Sarah Taaffe-Maguire, business reporter

The record profits in the wake of the Ukraine invasion are clearly behind oil and gas giant BP with the news that profits nearly halved in the first three months of 2024. 

Due to oil refinery outages and lower gas prices, the London Stock Exchange listed company reported profit down 45% to $2.72bn (£2.17bn), compared with $4.96bn (£3.95bn) last year - an even worse performance than City of London analysts had been expecting. 

The good news for shareholders is continued dividends and a maintained share buyback programme - that is likely the reason the share price has fallen only 0.14% this morning.

Overall the most valuable companies of the Financial Times Stock Exchange (FTSE) 100 index were up 1.08%.

A barrel of Brent crude - the benchmark for oil prices - was $83.54, below recent highs.

On the currencies front £1 buys $1.254 and €1.16.

The bank switching market is back after a hiatus over the last couple of weeks - with First Direct relaunching its £175 incentive on current accounts.

There are no similar deals on the market, though last week Virgin Money launched a switch offer promising 10% interest on current account balances up to £1,000 for a year.

To qualify for the First Direct incentive you must:

• Go through the full Current Account Switch Service (Cass) process
• Transfer a £1,000 balance into the account
• Switch at least two regular payments
• Use their debit card at least five times within 30 days of the account opening

Chris Pitt, chief executive of First Direct, said the £175 offer "will only be around for a limited time only".

It's worth considering, especially if you're about to apply for a mortgage or credit, that opening a new bank account can temporarily impact your credit score.

Which banks gain most from switching?

According to figures from the Current Account Switch Service (CASS), Nationwide had a net gain of 163,363 account switchers between October and December last year.

Barclays and Lloyds Bank saw more modest net gains of 12,823 and 5,800 respectively, while the rest of the UK's big banks reported net losses.

NatWest and Halifax fared worst, losing over 40,000 more switchers each than they gained.

None of these banks currently have switch incentives.

A new forecast suggests the average UK house price will be £61,500 higher in 2028.

Savills estate agent says the average value will increase by 21.6% from £285,000 in 2023 to £346,500 by 2028.

It says an improved medium-term economic outlook is behind the rise from its previous 17.9% forecast.

This year, Savills expects house prices to grow by 2.5% - rather than a 3% drop it predicted in early November.

The market remains sensitive to short-term fluctuations, it said, due to uncertainty over the timing of an interest rate cut and political uncertainty ahead of a general election.

Lucian Cook, head of residential research at Savills, said: "The outlook for 2024 has improved since our last (November 2023) forecasts as mortgage costs have nudged down slightly and are much less volatile.

"The outlook for economic growth has also slightly improved, pointing to relatively modest house price growth this year, with greater potential over the following few years."

He cautioned that wider global uncertainties have seen swap rates, which lenders use to price mortgages, rise.

He added: "Consequently, we are unlikely to see a further meaningful fall in mortgage rates this year, with the potential for short-term fluctuations in the cost of debt and house prices."

Savills used Oxford Economics and Nationwide Building Society data for its research. Its calculations were based on the second hand property market, so new build property values could perform differently.

Savills' predictions for regional house price growth over the five years to 2028:

• North West, 28.8%
• Yorkshire and the Humber, 28.2%
• Wales, 26.4%
• Scotland, 25.8%
• North East, 25.2%
• West Midlands, 23.4%
• East Midlands, 22.8%
• South West, 18.7%
• South East, 18.2%
• East of England, 18.1%
• London, 14.2%

For two days this week, Londoners will be able to try one of the world's best (and most expensive) tasting menus for a fraction of the price.

Ikoyi, which currently ranks 35 in the World's Best Restaurants , has teamed up with Uber Eats to offer a scaled back version of its £320 dinner.

Executive chef Jeremy Chan says the five-course delivery is probably the most "technical and refined" takeaway in the city, though some of the original dishes have been tweaked so they travel better.

To compensate for this, and for the trouble of having to fill up your own water after each sip, your bill will come in at a less eyewatering £60 per person.

But if you're thinking this venture is a concession to those who baulk at the price of Chan's two-Michelin starred menu (which comes in at almost £100 more than those at similarly lauded Core by Clare Smyth and The Ledbury)… it's not.

"I don't think people pay enough money for food, I think we charge too little, [but] we want to always be accessible to as many people as possible, we're always trying our best to do that," Chan tells the Money blog, before offering a detailed response to a (perhaps) hypothetical customer who wonders why a plate of fish is so expensive.

"You're paying the fishermen, you're paying for the person that's transporting it. You're paying for the logistics company, dry cleaning for the towels used to dry the fish, the paper towels that are being used to clean the guts of the fish, then waste disposal."

The fish then goes through a five-day aging process.

"We have three dry-ageing chambers that are used to store exceptional produce from very, very small producers and just the running costs of those alone [are very high]."

He goes on: "So, that single piece of fish has gone through many, many steps to go from fishermen to me, and you haven't even thought about the years of research and relationship building with the supplier. You can't just call a wholesaler and say, give me the turbot that Ikoyi is using."

All of which doesn't cover Chan's own work with the ingredients.

"I'm the one who peels the quail eggs. It's not just boiled, peeled and put on a plate... the owner of the restaurant is standing there for four hours perfectly peeling these quail eggs.

"Think about the time - that's the biggest cost in a restaurant that people don't think about, one's life, it's my life."

It's perhaps no surprise, in light of all the above, that Chan sees his collaboration with Uber Eats as a one-off.

On the menu is:

• Mutton merguez sausage with a green goddess slaw
• Fried chicken with smoked scotch bonnet and raspberry
• Jollof rice and crab custard
• Suya tamari pork with mustard greens and kumquat
• Flower sugar cake with batak berry and Garigette strawberry

It's the second Michelin tie up for Uber Eats after its £200 two-person tasting menu offering from Ynyshir in Wales, which was named best UK restaurant in 2022 and 2023.

The food will be delivered by a regular rider/driver, so Chan and his team have had to put thought into the ingredients.

"Everything on the menu has been designed to retain heat.

"For instance, the Merguez is made with a beautiful aged mutton shoulder, which has such deep, intense flavour. I don't have to worry too much about the cooking temperature because it's so fatty.

"We're going to make a little note [for the customer] that says 'quickly flash in the pan to bring it back to life, and it will still taste great'.

"A radicchio is obviously hearty, so it's not going to break down.

"All the dishes, if people eat them cold, they are still going to be tasting nice and they're also structurally sound so they don't require assembly - we're making something that can just be eaten straight away out of the box."

The Ikoyi tasting menu is available in central London to Uber One customers on Friday and for everyone on Saturday, between 5-10pm.

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Further cut to benefits for Ukrainian refugees under discussion

Ministers to reflect on coalition communication plan after asylum seeker tented encampment on mount street removed.

Ukrainian refugees and activists protest outside the Russian embassy in Bucharest, Romania last year. File photograph: Robert Ghement/EPA

Ministers are set to consider a further cut in payments to Ukrainian refugees and will meet today to discuss the Government’s communication plan after a tented encampment for asylum seekers in Mount Street was removed on Wednesday.

The first meeting of the reconstituted Cabinet Committee on Migration will be held this afternoon with Ministers due to discuss the Government’s communication strategy on immigration and receive updates on deportations so far this year.

Officials have, in recent weeks, been further considering the level of financial support offered to Ukrainian refugees.

Three Government sources said the topic will most likely be broached in the next meeting of the Cabinet committee, but that it was a live discussion within the Coalition.

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The issue could create tensions within Government as Green Party sources have expressed reservations about any plan to further cut supports to Ukrainian refugees. The Green Party is understood to be sceptical about further cuts to benefits given the increasing number of Ukrainians who are leaving Ireland to return home.

In addition to seeing their accommodation time-limited to 90 days, new arrivals from Ukraine are entitled to a reduced weekly allowance of €38.80 per adult and €29.80 per child for daily expenses while resident in designated accommodation centres.

A source said further cuts could be discussed as early as today or, more likely, within a matter of weeks.

Another source confirmed that the level of supports offered to Ukrainian refugees will form part of a wider conversation.

It comes after asylum seekers were moved from an encampment on Mount Street to Citywest and tented accommodation at Crooksling in southwest Dublin yesterday.

Some 285 single men were offered accommodation; 186 applicants at Citywest and a further 99 at Crooksling.

However, at least 30 men who previously slept in tents pitched outside the International Protection Office were without accommodation last night.

Those without accommodation were told they would be contacted by email.

A statement from the Government last night said that on Wednesday, State agencies “engaged with all those who were present on Mount Street and offered them accommodation. Just under, 290 people have now been accommodated.”

“Following this, it is understood that a number of IPAs who are believed to have been staying at other locations sought accommodation at Citywest, which is now at capacity. Their details have been taken and they will be offered accommodation as it becomes available.”

It comes amid continuing tension between the British and Irish governments around the issue of returning asylum seekers who arrive into Ireland over the land border. Sources last night said that there will be attempts in the coming days to take the political heat out of the ongoing row.

On Wednesday, British prime minister Rishi Sunak said ministers were seeking “urgent clarification that there will be no disruption or police checkpoints at or near the border” and that there must not be “cherry-picking of important international agreements”.

Taoiseach Simon Harris reiterated that no gardaí will be sent to Border areas, saying: “Of course there won’t be.”

Earlier in the Dáil, Mr Harris said he was proud to lead a country “that honours its international agreements and I expect our nearest neighbours to do the same”.

He also said he had no interest in Ireland being used “as a pawn in British politics”, as he defended the actions of Minister for Justice Helen McEntee in addressing the immigration crisis.

He said that work had been done to introduce faster processing times.

“I have no doubt that over the next number of months that we’ll see significant progress, freeing up 100 gardaí who were doing desk jobs in terms of immigration and being able to put them on the front line in terms of working with the PSNI.”

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Jennifer Bray

Jennifer Bray is a Political Correspondent with The Irish Times

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Brexit and Ireland

Introduction, the withdrawal agreement, transition period and the trade and cooperation agreement, the protocol on ireland and northern ireland, effects of brexit, further information.

On 23 June 2016, the United Kingdom (UK) voted to leave the European Union (EU) in a referendum.

The UK left the European Union at 11:00 pm on 31 January 2020. The UK was then in a transition period until 31 December 2020.

Despite the UK’s departure from the European Union, Ireland and the UK remain in a Common Travel Area, which gives residency and travel rights (among other things) to Irish citizens in the UK, and British citizens in Ireland. You can read more about ‘ Residence rights of UK citizens in Ireland .

The Withdrawal Agreement between the EU and the UK was published in October 2019.

The Withdrawal Agreement is one of the main documents governing the relationship between the EU and the UK, but it does not resolve all of the issues between the EU and the UK.

The transition period was put in place to allow agreements to be reached between the EU and the UK without major disruption. It finished at the end of 2020.

A Trade and Cooperation Agreement was agreed between the EU and the UK and entered into force on 1 May 2021. This governs some of the matters which were previously dealt with under EU law such as trade in goods.

The UK’s only land border with the EU is the border between Northern Ireland and Ireland. When the UK voted to leave the EU, it was not clear how this border would work.

As a result, a Protocol on Ireland and Northern Ireland was included in the Withdrawal Agreement. The purpose of the Protocol was to avoid a hard border between Northern Ireland and Ireland, in a way that would protect the Good Friday Agreement and the EU single market.

Under the Protocol:

• The Common Travel Area between Ireland and the UK continues to be recognised along with the rights it grants to Irish and British citizens
• Goods moving between Ireland and Northern Ireland do not have any customs, tariffs, or other restrictions placed on them
• Goods moving between Northern Ireland and the rest of the UK need additional paperwork and checks
• Some EU laws continue to apply to Northern Ireland

The use of the Protocol is up to the Northern Ireland Assembly. Every 4 years after the end of the transition period, the Assembly can vote on whether it wants EU law to continue on things like customs, duties and regulations.

If they vote to end any part of the Protocol, the decision will come into effect 2 years later.

Windsor Framework

In February 2023, the UK Government and the EU agreed the Windsor Framework . The Windsor Framework changed some aspects of the Protocol. The Framework was formally adopted on 25 March 2023.

From September 2023, many goods travelling to Northern Ireland from Great Britain have reduced checks, and a simpler process for goods has been introduced. Goods going to Ireland and shipped through Northern Ireland still have to meet all EU customs and import rules.

Some EU law continues to apply to Northern Ireland. The Northern Ireland Assembly can trigger a Petition of Concern (also called the ‘Stormont Brake') to pause any new EU laws that would have a serious effect on the people of Northern Ireland.

Article 16 of the Protocol

Article 16 allows either the EU or the UK to take ‘safeguard measures’ if the Protocol leads to serious and persistent economic, social or environmental difficulties. If the EU or UK take safeguard measures (commonly called ‘invoking Article 16’), the other party could decide to implement ‘rebalancing measures’ to counteract the effect of the change.

British citizens living in Ireland

British citizens continue to have the right to live and work in Ireland as part of the Common Travel Area . Family members of British citizens who are not themselves either British, EEA or Swiss citizens, must apply for residency. You can read about residence rights of UK citizens .

Irish citizens living in the UK

If you are an Irish citizen and you want to continue living in the UK, you do not need to apply to the EU Settlement Scheme . Your rights to live, work and access public services in the UK are still in place under the Common Travel Area arrangement. However, even though you do not need to apply to the scheme, your family members from outside of the UK and Ireland will need to apply .

Non-Irish EU citizens living in the UK

The UK set up an EU Settlement Scheme, under which EU citizens and their family members living in the UK could apply to continue living there after 30 June 2021.

EU citizens (except for Irish citizens) and their family members living in the UK had to apply to the EU Settlement Scheme for settled status if they wish to continue living in the UK after 30 June 2021. If you did not have 5 years’ continuous residence in the UK, you got pre-settled status instead.

• Settled status means that you can live in the UK for as long as you want. You will have access to public funds and services (if you are eligible) and you can apply for British citizenship. Any children born in the UK after you get settled status will automatically be British citizens.
• Pre-settled status means that you can live in the UK for a further 5 years. When you have had 5 years’ continuous residence, you can then apply to change to settled status. You must do this before your pre-settled status expires.

The deadline for most people applying was 30 June 2021. Some people can apply after this date .

You can get more information on applying for settled status in the UK, and the details of the EU Settlement Scheme on gov.uk.

Frontier workers

A frontier worker (also called a cross border worker) is a person who lives in one country, but works in another country. For instance, if you live in the Republic of Ireland and work in Northern Ireland, you are a frontier worker .

Irish citizens do not have to apply for a UK Frontier Work Permit but can still apply. The entitlements of Irish citizens to live, work and to access other benefits in the UK are protected by the Common Travel Area .

Other EEA and Swiss citizens who live in Ireland but worked in Northern Ireland (or another part of the UK) needed to apply for the UK’s Frontier Workers Permit Scheme to continue working there after 1 July 2021. If you started working in Northern Ireland for the first time after the end of 2020, you must apply through the UK Points Based Immigration System .

If you are a British citizen living in Northern Ireland and working in the Republic, you do not need documentation. The Irish Department of Justice can give you documentation if you request it. You can make a request by emailing [email protected] , stating ‘frontier worker’ in the subject line.

Social security

The current arrangements for social security between Ireland and the UK have not changed. All social welfare payments made by the Department of Social Protection, including pensions and Child Benefit, continue to be paid as normal. Social security arrangements between the UK and the EU27 are also unchanged at present.

Cross border healthcare

You can no longer use the Cross-Border Healthcare Directive to access healthcare in the UK.

The Northern Ireland Planned Healthcare Scheme allows you to get healthcare in Northern Ireland in a similar way to the Cross-Border Healthcare Directive. The healthcare must be publicly available in Ireland. You must pay for the healthcare and then claim the cost from the HSE.

The Scheme is available until a permanent statutory scheme is approved. Residents of Northern Ireland could access healthcare in Ireland under the Republic of Ireland Reimbursement Scheme .

If you started your healthcare in the UK and began to receive that healthcare before 2021, you may still be able to apply for reimbursement under the Cross- Border Healthcare Directive until this scheme closed in September 2022.

Data protection

Before the end of the transition period, any personal information received by a company or organisation in the UK from companies and administrations in other member states was covered by the GDPR (General Data Protection Regulation).

Personal information can still be transferred from the EU to the UK based on a formal decision (called an adequacy decision) made by the European Commission on 28 June 2021. That adequacy decision will remain in place for 4 years unless the UK makes changes to its data protection legislation.

Consumer Rights

From 1 January 2021, you should be aware of the following changes:

• Additional import charges and Value Added Tax (VAT) apply when you buy from websites in the UK (depending on the value of the items and where the product is manufactured)
• EU consumer protection legislation may no longer apply, instead your consumer rights will be set down in UK law
• It may be more difficult to resolve a dispute with a UK business

You can read about Buying online from the UK after Brexit .

Recognition of UK divorces

The Withdrawal of the United Kingdom from the European Union (Consequential Provisions) Act 2020 (pdf) provides for the continued recognition in Ireland of most divorces, legal separations and marriage annulments granted in the UK.

Status of driver licences

You can continue to drive on a UK driving licence in Ireland if you live in the UK (including Northern Ireland) and are visiting Ireland. If you live in Ireland, you cannot drive on a UK driving licence. You should exchange your licence for an Irish licence.

Extradition to and from the UK

The prior European Arrest Warrant regime no longer applies to the UK in its current form.

The EU-UK Trade and Cooperation Agreement includes similar extradition rules and procedures to the European Arrest Warrant regime and these rules continue to allow extradition to Ireland from the UK and vice versa. These rules apply to extradition requests made after 11pm on 31 December 2020 and any requests before this date where the person sought had not been arrested at that time.

You can find further information on dfa.ie about Brexit. Read about the Background to Brexit .

There is guidance for UK nationals about living and travelling in the EU on gov.uk.

Related documents

• Residence rights of EU citizens and their families in Ireland EEA nationals have the right to travel to Ireland and do not require a residence permit to remain here. There are however some limits on these rights. 1962.3993
• Buying online from the UK after Brexit Find out about changes to your consumer rights when buying online from the UK after Brexit. 1773.1323
• Studying in the UK including Northern Ireland Many people leave to study in Northern Ireland and elsewhere in the UK where there are different application procedures and fees. 1762.0945
• PPS numbers for returning Irish emigrants and their families Find your existing PPS number or apply for a new PPS number when returning home to Ireland. You can also apply for a PPS number for a child born abroad. 1727.5643

If you have a question about this topic you can contact the Citizens Information Phone Service on 0818 07 4000 (Monday to Friday, 9am to 8pm).

You can also contact your local Citizens Information Centre .

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